公共财政研究

美国是世界上最大的粮食生产和出口国之一。2014年,虽然美国农业产值还不到其国内生产总值的3%,但农产品出口创造了历史新高,出口额达到了1525亿美元,约占当年出口总额的9%以上。美国高度发达的农业除了得益于其得天独厚的自然地理条件、专业化和高度机械化的生产方式外,更为重要的是得益于政府长期以来贯彻执行的农业发展政策。而美国农业政策的有效实施又依赖于美国涉农财政体制的有效发挥,本文分析了美国农业政策与涉农财政体制的具体规定及制度设计,以期对我国农业发展提供参考。

The United States is one of the world's largest grain producer and exporter. 2014, although the United States agricultural output value is less than 3% of the GDP, its agricultural exports set new records and reached 152.5 billion US dollars, which accounted for more than 9% of the total exports of the year.The highly developed agriculture not only benefi ts from its unique natural and geographical conditions, but its professional and highly mechanized production mode. And more importantly, it is due to the implementation of the agricultural policies for a long time.The effective implementation of the agricultural policies also depends on the agriculture-related financial system.This paper analyses the agricultural policies and the specifi c provisions and design of the agricultural-related fi nancial system in the United States in order to provide the reference for the development of agriculture in China.