公共财政研究

低空经济作为一种以低空空域为主要活动范围、以无人机和eVTOL等航空器为载体的新兴经济形态，已被确立为国家战略性新兴产业和新增长引擎，是培育新质生产力的重要方向。目前，我国低空经济已逐步形成覆盖空域管理、无人机产业与通用航空的政策体系，呈现出市场规模快速扩张、产业链生态不断完善以及相关基础设施加速建设的特征。然而，低空经济发展在政策、技术、基础设施与运营、产业生态与人才方面仍面临多重制约因素。此外，还存在商业融资渠道受限、风险管理体系薄弱以及区域发展失衡与同质化竞争风险等问题。为此，本文在优化政策法规与空域管理、加强技术创新与安全保障、完善基础设施与运营模式、健全产业生态与人才培养、改善金融支持体系，并坚持因地制宜、推动差异化发展等多维度提出对策建议，以期为促进我国低空经济高质量发展提供理论支撑与实践指导。

The low-altitude economy,an emerging economic form primarily operating in low-altitude airspace and utilizing aircraft such as drones and electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) vehicles,has been established as a national strategic emerging industry and a new growth engine,representing a key direction for cultivating new quality productive forces.Nowadays,China’s low-altitude economy has gradually developed a policy system encompassing airspace management,the drone industry,and general aviation.This is characterized by the rapid expansion of market size,continuous improvement of the industrial chain ecosystem,and accelerated construction of relevant infrastructure.However,the development of the low-altitude economy still faces multiple constraints in terms of policy,technolog infrastructure and operation as well as industrial ecosystem and talent.Furthermore,issues persist,including restricted commercial financing channels,a weak risk management system,regional development imbalances,and the risk of homogeneous competition.To address these challenges,this paper proposes multi-dimensional countermeasures,including optimizing policies,regulations,and airspace management,strengthening technological innovation and safety assurance,improving infrastructure and operating models,perfecting the industrial ecosystem and talent cultivation,enhancing the financial support system,and advocating for differentiated development based on local conditions.These suggestions aim to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting the high-quality development of the low-altitude economy.